The State and Dynamics of Employment in Kazakhstan

International Journal for Research in Applied Science & Engineering Technology (IJRASET), 2022

Based on official statistics, the article performed an econometric modeling of macroeconomic indicators, characterized by the ratio of employment to the total number of economically active population for the period 2000-2018. On the base of time series, the parameters of the autoregressive model are found, the economic forecast and the level of employment for 2019-2021 are calculated, when the current trends in the national labor market remain unchanged. The analysis shows that in the national economy the number of unemployed is growing in parallel with the number of employed due to the lack of proportionality in the number of created new jobs.

International Antalya Scientific Research and Innovative Studies Congress December 18-21, 2021 / Antalya, Turkey, 2021

One of the most severe problems that COVİD-19 has caused is a decreasing trend in the number of people employed. A contraction in the GDP and employment indicates that Azerbaijan has not managed to escape the damages of the pandemic. The negative effects of the coronavirus pandemic have urged the Azerbaijani government to take certain steps to alleviate hardships. It took necessary actions to provide more effective social and job security. Even in normal economic circumstances, employment issues matter. The situation caused by the pandemic, increases the importance of employment and other major economic phenomena. Drawing a parallel between the GDP and employment is necessary if we want to better understand the labor market, to learn among which subgroups employment problems are severe, and to identify in which sectors there is a need for structural reforms. Impact of economic growth on the unemployment rate, rate of labor force participation and employment-to-population rates has been a reason of heated economic debates among economists. However, the GDP-to-employment comparison is not so pervasive. That is why the authors assumed that a comparison between the latter would be more innovative in terms of economic research. The main purpose of the study is to identify employment intensity to the GDP and to discover in which economic sector this intensity is seen more clearly. This paper investigates the impact of annual GDP growth on the number of persons employed in Azerbaijan, first. Then, we conduct the same analysis to see the respective changes in GDP compared to employment figures in main economic sectors. Our findings show that there is a positive correlation between changes in GDP and changes in the number of persons employed. The GDP and employment growth in the economy displays itself more strongly in the services sector. The study in the elasticity of employment by the main economic sectors will help to evaluate to what extent structural changes have been taken place.

SEER, 2014

Labour markets are a key element of an economy as they determine what proportion of the population is employed and what areas need attention in terms of getting more of the labour force into work. The performance of the labour market reflects how well the economy is functioning as a whole. Indeed, economic growth is the sum of productivity growth and labour force growth: less of the latter makes it harder to grow faster, creating a vicious cycle of weak GDP growth, weak job growth and low labour force participation. This clearly illustrates that the labour market plays a key role in the overall growth of an economy. In this article, the authors focus on the experience of Russia, Belarus and Kazakhstan and how their labour markets function, concluding that the key priorities for all these governments is the proper allocation of resources, such that the quality of the labour force is enhanced and matches the precise areas of labour demand, as well as living standards enhanced and workers' rights protected.

Geografický časopis - Geographical Journal, 2021

The demographic situation of the population of Uzbekistan and the problems of formation of labour resources, territorial distribution and utilization of labour resources based on it are illuminated in the article. The natural movement of the population of the country today, and in the near future, serves as a leading factor in the effective implementation of the process of reproduction of labour resources. According to the content and essence, the re-establishment of the labour resources is narrower than the re-establishment of the population and it is reflected in the recovery of the number and quality of the economically active population, as well as in the recovery of mental and physical abilities. It has been shown that the demographic situation and demographic development of the regions, on the basis of scientific analysis, are due to the fact that the exact labour resources and the economically active population do not differ significantly in terms of age, sex and territorial ...

Journal of Eastern European and Central Asian Research (JEECAR)

The interconnectedness of sectors displays the demand for inputs and supply as a level of output in any economy. This paper addresses the Total Factor Productivity (TFP) in Kazakhstan sectors by using input-output tables during 2012-2017. The change in total sectoral production was separated into two parts: the changes in technical coefficients of intermediate inputs and the change in value-added inputs, respectively. The main findings have identified a changing pattern in sectoral performance. At the same time, the result justified that various sectors such as; petroleum, manufacturing, construction, and food processing sectors have shown increased productivity. The country highly depends on extractive industries but still has better manufacturing value-added performance. The study suggests that to combat challenges like COVID-19 and climate change, it is vital to develop human capital and diversity. With diversification and innovative measures, an economy can attain sustainable ec...

2021

In the context of the transition of the national economy of the Republic of Kazakhstan to an innovative type of development, the issues of the formation and development of human capital are becoming increasingly important. Increasing labor productivity, developing high-tech production, creating innovative products in the republic is impossible without providing the branches of the national economy with personnel who have the necessary professional and personal competencies. In turn, social and economic factors affect the formation and quality of human capital, while there is an uneven spatial distribution of human resources. Accordingly, the priorities of the socio-economic development of the territories require coordination with the tasks of increasing human capital. The basis of this study is the analysis of the reproduction processes of human capital in the regions of the Republic of Kazakhstan, taking into account the socio-economic component. The object of the research is the h...

SSRN Electronic Journal, 2000

American Society for Competitiveness Publication, Competition Forum., 2020

This paper describes the specific features of informal employment in Kazakhstan and its consequences. The prilnaly trend of informal employment is analyzed and described from different points of view. We present the State policy and measures to reduce the shadow economy and informal employment. Based on a sociological survey, the authors suggest ways to reduce informal employment in the Republic of Kazakhstan.

Comparative Economic Studies, 2003

Features and Prospects of Development of The Labor Market in Uzbekistan, 2018

There are different approaches on determining the object that causes of buying-selling interactions in labor market. Discussions about labor market has been continuing since the middle of the last century. If the economists of CIS countries had the common view about it before the market economy, it becomes intricate under the influence of western economics. From practical point of view, among the whole population of Uzbekistan the tendency of the growth of the population of working age and the shrink of dependency is observed, which requires to increase the number of employed among economic active population. It is important to mention that, during the financial-economic recession, the republic of Uzbekistan adopted anticrisis program, which mainly directed to the most important problems such as creating new labor places and improving the living standards of the population.

E-Journal of international and comparative labour studies, 2019

Purpose-The study aims to substantiate the approaches and principles of forming and regulation a model of social and labor relations of Kazakhstan adequate to the modern conditions of economic development. Design/methodology/approach-The creation of an effective model of social and labor relations should proceed from the multifaceted nature of their manifestation. Findings-The article describes the current Kazakhstan's model of labor relations and its basic parameters; determines the external and internal factors, specifically, the influence of the new labor law on its further development in the direction of democratization and the establishment of social partnership as a regulatory institution in the labor relations field. Research limitations/implications-Proposals to improve organizational and legal support for the long-term model of social and labor relations in the Republic of Kazakhstan. Originality/value-Result is the model of the system of social and labor relations proposed by the author, which allows us to cover the multifaceted nature of this phenomenon, to unite the influence of the external environment and the internal complex of their mutual relations and interdependencies. The study is carried out as part of a project funded by the Science Committee of Kazakhstan. Paper type-Research article.

2018

The research deals with the overview of recent Unemployment insurance structure of Kazakhstan. It focuses on the theoretical of impact of UB payments on workers incentives to be employed and discuss its influences on Unemployment rate. Moreover provides overview of current situation regarding labor market of Kazakhstan. Keywords--UB, SSIF, AME, Unemployment, Migrants, Insurance

BULLETIN Series Historical and socio-political sciences, 2020

The demographics of Kazakhstan is characterized by waves of increase and decline that occur periodically every 25-30 years. Since 2010, the share of deaths among working age population (from 15 to 60 years) dropped from 35.9 to 29.4. It is important to note that the number of emigrants keeps increasing every year since 2014. We can expect a rather significant decline of the current population growth rates, which are likely to drop below 1% per year in 3-5 years from now. The social and economic shape of the country changed radically. Conditions when economic signals work that allows to draw very essential conclusion were created: the mechanism of the market is started. In the market there was a situation when the prices regulate supply and demand, define movement of commodity streams, the competition nature, investment streams that already characterizes development of the modern period.

Ekonomia i Prawo, 2018

Motivation: The Central and Eastern European countries suffered from a decrease in professional activity and increases in unemployment, income inequality, and underemployment. In most of the countries in the region, it was decided to increase labour market flexibility, adopting a Western European model of labour market functioning. The effects of deregulation (flexibility increase) for the labour market depend to a great extent on the economic situation. Aim: The paper attempts to answer the question of the degree to which changes in the employment level and structure can be explained by changes in the economic situation. The article verified two hypotheses: 'the employment level reacts to changes in the economic situation; however, this reaction in the Central and Eastern European countries is more severe than the average reaction in the European Union' (H1) and 'changes in the economic situation determines to a very large extent the employment level in the groups experiencing discrimination (women, youngest and oldest people) more than for employees in general' (H2). Results: In the majority of the examined countries, a statistically significant correlation occurs between changes in GDP and total employment level; but for all analysed countries as a whole, the influence of changes in GDP on the employment level is not greater than the European Union's average. The data do not indicate discrimination against certain groups (women, young people, people in pre-retirement age), changes in the employment ORIGINAL ARTICLE

Amsterdam: AIAS …, 2010

This report provides information on Kazakhstan on behalf of the implementation of the DECISIONS FOR LIFE project in that country. The DECISIONS FOR LIFE project aims to raise awareness amongst young female workers about their employment opportunities and career possibilities, family building and the work-family balance. This report is part of the Inventories, to be made by the University of Amsterdam, for all 14 countries involved. It focuses on a gender analysis of work and employment.