Social Psychology

The inclusion of emotions in the strategic decision-making research is long overdue. This paper deals with the emotions that human resource managers experience when they participate in a strategic problem-solving event or a strategic planning event. We examine the patterns in the intensity of experienced emotions with regard to event appraisal (from a personal perspective and the organization’s perspective), job satisfaction, and coexistence of emotions. The results reveal that enthusiasm is the most intensely experienced emotion for positively appraised strategic decision-making events, while frustration is the most intensely experienced emotion for negatively appraised problem-solving events, as is disappointment for strategic planning. The distinction between a personal and organizational perspective of the event appraisal reveals differences in experienced emotions, and the intensity of experienced anger is the best indicator of the difference in the event appraisals from the pe...

International students who travel overseas in pursuit of education face a myriad of challenges. These challenges range from managing intercultural communication interactions, dealing with cultural differences, and adapting to new environments. As part of cross-cultural transition, sojourners often bring with them preconceived notions and expectations of what they will experience. However, under-met expectations can exert stress and impede successful adaptation. This thesis examines the role of pre-arrival expectations and the impact of expectancy violation on cross-cultural adaptation over time among international students in Australia. The research employs a longitudinal panel study with three surveys conducted over 13 months involving newly commencing international students at The University of Queensland. The theoretical framework guiding this thesis incorporates cross-cultural psychology and cross-cultural communication theories: the theory of acculturation, integrated theory of communication and cross-cultural adaptation, and expectancy violation and interaction adaptation theories. The theory of acculturation establishes the field of research on cross-cultural transition, and is particularly crucial to the understanding of the process of acculturation over time. The integrated theory of communication and cross-cultural transition incorporates communicative aspects of cross-cultural adaptation within the acculturation process. Expectancy violation theory provides an understanding of the role of expectations and the impact that expectancy violations have on cross-cultural adaptation. Finally, interaction adaptation theory informs on the intercultural communication behaviour and coping strategies that sojourners engage in when expectations are violated. The first study establishes international students' pre-arrival expectations of life in the host country relating to a number of expectation dimensions (such as expected cultural distance, sociocultural difficulty, discrimination, and acculturation orientations). The second study investigates the postarrival experience of international students, explores the extent to which expectations are met or violated post-arrival, and examines the impact of pre-arrival expectations and expectancy violations on six-month post-arrival psychological and sociocultural adaptation. Finally, the third study investigates the impact of pre-arrival expectations and expectancy violations on 12-month postarrival adaptation, as well as the patterns of change that occur over time, in the different components of cross-cultural adaptation. The results from this research reveal that international students experienced violations (both positively and negatively) as well as non-violations to their pre-arrival expectations once they arrived in the host country. Actual experience, more than pre-arrival expectations, was related to Peer Reviewed Papers

This study aims to identify how the transformational leadership model in improving the quality of academic services implemented in elementary schools. This study was conducted using survey methods and interviews with 50 elementary school teachers in Sumedang, West Java Province, Indonesia. This study aims to find out how implementing transformational leadership in elementary schools improves academic services across different dimensions, aiming to identify the average improvement. The findings indicated that the overall dimensions of the transformational leadership model were rated as good. These dimensions include idealized influence (charismatic), intellectual stimulation, individual consideration, and inspirational motivation. While not achieving a perfect score, it is anticipated that the average scores across these four dimensions of the transformational leadership model will significantly contribute to improving the quality of academic services in elementary schools.

Generation Z is the youngest and popular generational cohort who started to be investigated with interest in researches since its impacts are distinctly seen in various fields, and it is entering on labour market now. Generation Z has been growing in an era where technological advancement is fostered, and they are able to have access to effortless and rapid information through technological tools, like the Internet and smartphones. Like other generational cohorts, Generation Z has unique habits and personality traits since they experienced different social, economic or historical circumstances depending on the time interval in which they raised, and the perception of work and occupational habits are affected by those particular characteristics. This study aims to explore dimensions that are related to work, such as work habits, motivations, expectations preferences and work ethics of Generation Z in order to build qualified and effective current and future workforce and satisfied individuals in career path. Generation Z is tech-savvy who is shaped by the peak in technology, and it is individualistic, entrepreneurial, moneyconscious, and a multitasker. They like working collaboratively with personal autonomy in a flexible workplace that allows work-life balance and ethical working, and they need monitoring and feedback at work by their executives.

Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui persepsi tamu terhadap kinerja karyawan berdasarkan 5 indikator (Tangible, Reliability, Responsiveness, Assurance, dan Empathy) dan mengetahui indicator apa saja yang menjadi prioritas bagi pelanggan yang berkunjung ke Rollpin Casual Smart Dine Mataram -Lombok melalui diagram kartesius. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah dengan menggunakan kuesioner. Berdasarkan hadil olah kuesioner yang peneliti ajukan ke 32 responden dan kuesioner menunjukan bahwa tingkat harapan tamu terhadap kinerja karyawan berdasarkan 5 indikator masih lebih besar dari pada tingkat kenyataan di lapangan. Dan berdasarkan hasil yang didapat dari diagram kartesius indikator empathy merupakan indikator yang menjadi prioritas bagi tamu namun pelaksanaanya perlu ditekankan lagi. Indikator reliability merupakan indikator yang dianggap kurang penting bagi tamu namun pelaksanaanya dianggap cukup, sedangkan indikator tangible, assurance, dan responsiveness dianggap tidak terlalu penting akan tetapi pelaksanaannya tergolong sangat baik.

PILLAR 43 is an interdisciplinary and cross-institutional project to investigate into teamwork principles and prerequisites towards successful long-term internal space assignments. PILLAR 43 project should, on the one hand, support and enrich existing research on human factors in extreme environments by suggesting original approaches to increase creativity performance and, on the other, provide some new insights into the dynamics of cognitive behavior on individual and group levels

The topic of flood phenomena has always been of considerable importance due to the high risks it entails, both in terms of potential economic and social damage and the jeopardizing of human lives themselves. The spread of climate change is making this topic even more relevant. This work aims to contribute to evaluating the role that human factors can play in responding to critical hydrogeological phenomena. In particular, we introduce an agent-based platform for analyzing social behaviors in these critical situations. In our experiments, we simulate a population that is faced with the risk of a potentially catastrophic event. In this scenario, citizens (modeled through cognitive agents) must assess the risk they face by relying on their sources of information and mutual trust, enabling them to respond effectively. Specifically, our contributions include (1) an analysis of some behavioral profiles of citizens and authorities; (2) the identification of the "dissonance between evaluation and action" effect, wherein an individual may behave differently from what their information sources suggest, despite having full trust in them in situations of particular risk; (3) the possibility of using the social structure as a "social risk absorber", enabling support for a higher level of risk. While the results obtained at this level of abstraction are not exhaustive, they identify phenomena that can occur in real-world scenarios and can be useful in defining general guidelines.

Using insights from criminology and urban geography, this article seeks to investigate individual and spatial dimensions of women's fear of crime, in particular amongst women who declare to feel the most unsafe. This study is based on three waves of data of the Stockholm Safety Survey using exploratory data analysis and binary logistic regression. Informed by an intersectional framework, the study shows how individual attributes including gender, age, and previous victimisation affect women's perception of safety. Modelling results indicate how the neighbourhood context affects women's behaviour in face of fear (functional and dysfunctional fear). Among the most fearful women, poor social contacts in their neighbourhood, rather than fear of crime itself, lead to place avoidance.

The purpose of this study is to examine the connection between innovation orientation (IO) and entrepreneurial orientation (EO) and its role in mediating marketing orientation (MO) to achieve marketing performance (MP), specifically focusing on MSMEs in the culinary sector in Banyumas, Purbalingga, Cilacap, and Kebumen (Barlingmascakeb). Design/Methodology/Approach: Data were collected from 100 food industry businesses in Barlingmascakeb. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used utilizing Smart PLS to analyze data. The results demonstrated that innovation orientation had a positive effect on entrepreneurial orientation and marketing performance. EO, which mediated the relationship between IO and MP, acted as a partial mediator. RBV is still a relevant theory for MSMEs, where organizational resources are assets that need to be managed and become superior to expand in a dynamic market. The research findings also support the MBV theory, where the market is a necessary factor to be considered by MSMEs in business and entrepreneurial decision-making. RBV and MBV actually complement each other and have an important role in influencing marketing performance. Theoretical contribution/Originality: This study contributes to the management study literature, which has built an empirical model that encourages MSME marketing performance by investigating the relationship between IO, EO, and MO to support MSME marketing performance. Practitioners/Policy Implications: This study provides insight into culinary MSME entrepreneurs to focus on innovation orientation and not ignore market orientation as a supporter of innovation and marketing performance. Research Limitations/Implications: This research only focused on MSMEs in the culinary sector, so generalizations and findings were limited. Therefore, future studies are expected to combine larger and more diverse samples.

Her main area of specialization is socialization processes (religious, secular, feminine and civic) among adolescents. Her latest publication, with Lynn Davies and Khansaa Diab, is Gender, Religion and Education in a Chaotic, Post Modern World (Springer, 2012).

Introduction: Game cheating (i.e., behavior of violating rules in games by using unregulated Software or assistive devices to gain advantage) poses a fatal problem as it destroys fair competition systems and negatively impacts the game ecosystem. Game cheating is reported to be common in competitive online games because they stimulate strongly a user's motivation and psychological needs. However, there is still in lack of academic research which focused on the issue from the psycho-social perspective. Methods: This study investigated the relationships between basic psychological needs (i.e., autonomy, competence, and relatedness) and motivation (i.e., intrinsic and extrinsic) based on self-determination theory, and examined their effects on the degree of game cheating with survey data of 322 gamers in a competitive online gaming community. The results showed the opposite associations between the two forms of motivation (intrinsic and extrinsic) and game cheating. On one hand, extrinsic motivation decreased by autonomy enhanced the degree of game cheating. On the other hand, intrinsic motivation increased by both autonomy and relatedness finally abated game cheating. Competence did not influence any form of motivation. The results indicated that people motivated by interest or enjoyment (i.e., intrinsic motivation) of the game tend to view game cheating negatively while those motivated by game victory and rewards are likely to have positive attitudes toward game cheating. Increasing the degree of user autonomy and social relations in the game could decrease game cheating through the enhancement of intrinsic motivation. Discussion: Digital game cheating is a crucial problem threatening the spread of game culture and the growth of the eSports industry. The findings of this study reveal the influence of psychological needs and intrinsic motivation related to 'game cheating,' providing valuable guidelines in educational and policy aspects.

The phenomenon of domesticated dogs looking to humans for information is ubiquitous, yet infrequently observed among other interspecies interactions. Dogs' inclination to solicit information from humans is in large part a result of the two species' shared social evolution and niche. Perhaps a more compelling aspect of this relationship is how dogs respond in the face of unexpected, uncertain, and/or novel cues from humans, from whom they frequently solicit information. The influence of human presence on canines' curiosity about and engagement with their immediate environment is understudied, in part due to challenges in study design. Some of these challenges are common to working with and learning from babies of our own species. And, as dogs have developed many mental processes and behaviors similar to preverbal human infants, illuminating strategies for understanding curiosity in babies may prove useful in learning more about how dogs experience the world, with and without people.

A headmaster is an educational leader, who has a very important role in developing the quality of education, but in fact the result of Farida’s research found that there are some problem faced by the head master of early childhood education program, firstly the leadership style looks like less assertive, then the working environment is less conducive, and the leader has lack commitments in implementing the tasks. Empirically, Suhartini states that the managerial indicated capabilities still not been able yet to direct, guide, and supervise the teachers in performing their duties, the qualification and the competence of educators do not correspond to the needs of the early childhood education institution, low commitment of educators in doing their duty, leadership institute early childhood education are less relevant to leadership paradigm today, the formation of a working environment institutions that are less conducive, based on this issue, then the novelty targeted after getting t...

The increased number of criminal offenses statistics among adolescents in Malaysia is alarming. This is believed to be rooted from the reduce of moral emotions such as shame and guilt in themselves. Therefore, this study presents the results of an exploratory factor analysis of the Muslim Moral Emotions Inventory (MMEI), a self-report measure of moral emotions of shame and guilt to overcome this issue. This instrument was administered to a sample of Malaysian-Muslims youth (n = 640) to determine the factor structure and internal reliability of these scales. The analysis showed that 18 items factored around four factors of perceived Guilt subscales includes God consciousness, Care for Others, Fear of Punishment and Forgiveness. Another 18 items factored around five factors of perceived Shame subscales include Positive Speech, Sensitive Towards Others Judgment, Safeguarding Chastity, Guarding One's View and Modest Self-presentation. The Shame scale accounted for 54.48% of\the variance, while the Guilt scale accounted for 56.10% of the variance. The results of showed that the factor structure of the two moral emotions scales of the MMEI was significantly measured with the current sample of Muslims youth. Cronbach alpha, split-half coefficients and item analysis verified the reliability of instrument. The significance of adaptive shame and guilt as a unique contributor to psychological well-being and applications for the MMEI in assessment and outcome research among youth are discussed.

La inteligencia emocional es una variable que puede tanto potenciar como inhibir las habilidades de liderazgo. Se define como personas con inteligencia emocional a los presidentes cuyas emociones realzan su liderazgo y desempeño. La inteligencia emocional implica la capacidad de manejar las emociones personales en oposición a resultar dominados por ellas, para de ese modo sobreponerse a los dobleces que inevitablemente ocurren en toda presidencia y tener la habilidad de persistir avanzando hacia los objetivos trazados aún en los momentos de adversidad. Se utiliza un caso de estudio para someter a evaluación exploratoria dicha variable: las presidencias de Carlos Menem en Argentina entre 1989 y 1999.

This research aimed to know the influence of group cohesiveness and ewuh pakewuh toward granting of reprimand supervisor to his subordinates who made faults. Ewuh pakewuh is one of Javanese culture, which is almost like an attitude or feeling embarrassed and worried if the behavior or words will offend others. The population of this research are employees from Pagottan sugar factory, Madiun, East Java who served as assistant manager or supervisor up to head division. Sampling technique used was purposive sampling technique with number of 87 subjects. Group cohesiveness, ewuh pakewuh, and granting of reprimand were measured using Likert Like scale. The analysis used multiple regression technique with F test and t test. The result showed that group cohesiveness and ewuh pakewuh jointly able to influence granting of reprimand supervisor to his subordinates (F = 17,688 and p < 0,05) with R² = 0,296. In addition, this research result also showed that group cohesiveness partially influ...

This study aims to investigate the relationship between cognitive distortions and cognitive failures among college students. The primary objective is to examine the direct relationship between cognitive distortions and cognitive failures among college students. Additionally, the study seeks to explore the predictive power of cognitive distortion sub-components in relation to cognitive failure and its components. Furthermore, the study aims to examine whether there are differences in cognitive distortions and failures based on sex and major. Data were collected from a sample of 486 college students, including 240 males.

The findings reveal a direct effect between cognitive distortions and cognitive failures, as illustrated by SEM. Some of the factors related to cognitive distortions significantly contribute to predicting cognitive failure components and the total score. Moreover, differences in cognitive failures were observed based on students' majors.

In conclusion, this study demonstrates a strong correlation between cognitive distortions and cognitive failures, with cognitive distortions directly affecting cognitive failures. These findings highlight the significance of addressing cognitive distortions in academic settings, with customized treatments potentially offering ways to reduce cognitive errors and enhance students' overall cognitive performance.

Trecho: "Dentre as múltiplas abordagens que podem ser feitas sobre política, religião e cultura, as músicas afro-brasileiras tornam-se paradigmáticas para essa reflexão. Lundus, afoxés, jongos e sambas sintetizam as raízes da música, da resistência política e religiosidade negra no país. A música tem a capacidade de organizar as experiências religiosas e políticas de uma comunidade: “A música é uma linguagem privilegiada na expressão dos valores destas religiões e, também, um elemento marcante na concepção da identidade brasileira”. A criminalização do samba, de seus músicos e instrumentos, bem como a prisão de elementos de culto afro-brasileiros, no final do século 19 e início do século 20, não se mostram tão distantes das censuras e prisões recentes de rappers e funkeiros. A música tem a capacidade de mobilizar ideias, sentimentos
e reações".

This study aimed to analyze the ability of a model based on the theory of achievement motivation and self-determination theory to predict the intention of practicing judo. This study perceived incorporate climate variables, satisfaction of basic needs, motivation self-determined and the perception of conflict as predictors of intent to practice in Judo. It was conducted with a sample of 478 judokas aged between 11 and 18 years. The structural equation modeling supported the proposed model. The sequence of relations between perceptions of climate and perceived task trainer, satisfying psychological needs, self-determined motivation, perception of conflict between studies and practice judo and intend to practice judo were verified. The main contribution of the study was to confirm that the model of motivation of intent to practice it based on social cognitive theory is verified in sports such as Judo adversary.

This paper discusses how some of the ideas and approaches with which Bob Hinshelwood has been identified can be applied in examining political extremism, particularly destructive forms of fundamentalism. It considers the application at a societal level of concepts of psychosocial dynamics in therapeutic communities. Topics such as the management of ambivalence amongst community staff, the institution's primal scene, and the small group as container are shown to have parallels in the relationships between extremist groups and society. The degree of support for or tolerance of a particular form of fundamentalism in a sector of the public is often an important influence on the extent to which it may generate violent extremism. It is suggested that psychoanalytic understandings of the superego and its relationship to the current external world can throw light on the social supports for extremism.

This ethnography study explored the role of Latino fathers in family life and their children's education before and during the pandemic. The study also examined the role of Latino and ally leaders in serving Latino fathers and their families in northwest Iowa and southern Minnesota before and during the pandemic. The sample consisted of 40 Latino fathers from El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico and Nicaragua and 22 leaders of Latino and European American backgrounds. The study utilized different qualitative inquiries including the larger ethnography, testimonios, and observations to collect the data. Key findings included that the Latino fathers were moving beyond traditional interpretations of Latino fatherhood and masculinity, in particular machismo. Rather, they were focused on a new family dynamic and Latino fatherhood that highlighted positive Latino family values and egalitarian beliefs. It was discovered that Latino fathers were more actively engaged in their children's lives and education regardless of the circumstances. A key finding demonstrated that they showed resilience before and during the pandemic in efforts to serve their families. The results showed that leaders were actively advocating and serving Latino families before and during the pandemic, and these leaders showed progress in helping rural communities move toward equity, diversity, and inclusiveness for their communities. Implications for future research were provided.

Ce memoire vise a presenter une tendance du profil des enseignants francais face a la prise en compte des enfants issus de familles homoparentales au sein de l´ecole publique. Pour cela, nous analyserons les postures adoptees par les enseignants, entre volonte d´integration ou d´inclusion, en faisant preuve d´empathie, de rupture complete ou au contraire de fusion avec l'eleve issu de familles homoparentales. Cela nous permettrait de voir, en fonction du profil du professeur, si l´enfant pourra evoluer dans un environnement securise a l´ecole en prenant en compte son contexte familial.

Self-compassion has recently emerged as a component of psychological health. Research on self-compassion processes shows that self-compassion is related to lower levels of psychological distress and higher levels of positive affect. The current study examined the extent to which self-compassion is related to the quality of romantic relationships. Undergraduates (n = 261) completed online self-report questionnaires assessing selfcompassion and relationship quality. Correlational and hierarchical multiple regression analyses were conducted in order to assess the relation between self-compassion and relationship quality. Results indicated that selfcompassion was moderately positively correlated with relationship quality, and that self-compassion was a unique, if weak, predictor of relationship quality. Implications of these findings for romantic relationships are discussed.

Melissa Bean was Chairperson of the Volunteer Illini Projects Blood Program 1974-75. She is now enrolled at the Chicago College of Osteopathic Medicine. Paul Pisarik was the 1975-76 Chairperson of the VIP Blood Program. He is a pre-medical student. John Hackmann helped Initiate the program and his interest in blood programs led him to form the Blood Donor Research Group, which produced this manual and is carrying out more research and dissemination efforts supporting voluntary blood collection programs nationwide.

The article examines the influence of socio-cultural practices of Ramadan fasting in competitive sports and adaptation pathway of the athletes. The study describes how the socio-cultural context acts as the social "panopticon" and explains the adaptation pathways among Muslim archers. Foucauldian concept explains individual actions and behaviors within social and cultural settings, and adaptation pathways during Ramadan fasting. Eleven elite Malaysian Muslim archers participated in an open ended interview to identify individual experiences of competing in high level sports while engaging in Ramadan fasting. Relevant quotes were extracted to identify means and methods leading to a pathway toward adaptation. The inductively identified pathway viz. understanding of the context, control and adjustment, willpower and self enhancement, belonging and gravitating, trust and support culminates in the dimension of adaptation. The study highlights how cultural and societal influences have a bearing on actions, behaviors, and decisions of competitive athletes.

Objective: Finding out whether patients would be motivated by reciprocity when considering donating oocytes to others. Study design: This is a prospective monocentric study in the CECOS of the Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) of Rennes (France) on the opinion of patients regarding reciprocity. Couples who had a child with donor sperm were asked whether they would consider oocyte donation as a way of giving something back. Results: Twenty six couples and one man answered the questionnaire. About half of the respondents (49%) felt that they should contribute to the system from which they benefitted. Although the patients would benefit from a reduction in waiting time, this advantage was only A C C E P T E D M A N U S C R I P T important for one in four persons. The only items on which the answers between men and women were significantly different concerned the results of the donation: women would think more often about the potential recipient and the child and they more often wanted to know whether children were born from their donation. The results show that beside altruism, reciprocity may be an important moral reason for people to donate gametes.

Religious individuals and communities often struggle with anger toward God (ATG) upon experiencing suffering. ATG is related to poor mental health. Certain types of religiousness can moderate the effect of this negative feeling on well-being; however, research varies. Therefore, this study aims to determine whether religion at the individual (spirituality) or communal levels (moral community) may affect the association of ATG with well-being. Moderation analysis was performed on data from 307 students at a Christian university in Indonesia. Spirituality lowered the effect of ATG as one form of a religious stressor on well-being, but moral community did not. Both the cognitive and affective aspects of spirituality (individual level) are needed to buffer the effects of ATG on well-being. Conversely, the moral/behavior and belonging/communal aspect of a moral community (communal level) do not appear to ensure support for the individual with ATG. The implications of this study are discu...

Most of the current research has found that highly religious people have better well-being compared to people with low religiousness. However, the former group is not immune from occasionally feeling anger toward God, which has an adverse effect on well-being. The purpose of this research is to study whether anger toward God moderates the effect of religiousness on the well-being of Christian college students. The data were derived from 228 respondents (55 male) from a religious university using the Four Basic Dimensions of Religiousness (4-BDRS), the Attitude toward God Scale (ATGS-9), and the Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS). The results of the moderation analysis using Process version 3 demonstrated that Anger toward God significantly moderated the effect of religiousness toward well-being (b = .01, 95% Cl [.001, .023], t = 2.14, p < .05). The higher the level of anger toward God, the lesser the effect of religiousness on well-being. Therefore, it is essential for students ...

This study examines the effects of positive compared to negative appeals in persuasive health communication about sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). The theoretical background draws on the Extended Parallel Process Model, which is mainly used to explain the processing of negative appeals (fear) in these contexts. Participants (N = 160; M age = 22.59, SD = 2.48, 57.4% female; mainly students) took part in a one-factorial experiment by viewing an advertisement promoting the use of condoms that was emotionally framed as either humorous (positive) or threatening (negative) to induce an emotional experience of joy or fear, respectively. Emotional experiences were tested as predictors for health behavior-related outcomes by means of hierarchical regression analyses. Data provides evidence for the beneficial effect of positive emotional appeals on message judgment and attitudes towards the proposed behavior. The threatening appeal reduced perceptions of efficacy and led to an increase in reactance. These findings provide further evidence for carefully using fear appeals in persuasive health communication and speak in favor of integrating positive emotional appeals in these contexts.

This study investigates the circumstances under which binge-watching can become a problematic behavior. Applying a user-centered perspective, it demonstrates how different motivations to engage in high-dosage TV series consumption influence the occurrence of problematic viewing habits. A quantitative online survey of N = 415 media users with access to at least one streaming service was conducted. The questionnaire assessed current viewing habits, motivations to watch series, and indicators of problematic viewing habits. The results suggest that frequency of use, motives to engage in high dosage viewing sessions, as well as the combined effect of these two factors help to explain problematic viewing behaviors. Moreover, the results give cause to refrain from a generalizing problematization of binge-watching.

Contempt and disgust share a number of features which distinguish them from other hostile emotions: they both present two distinct facets-a nonmoral facet and a moral one; they both imply a negative evaluation of the dispositional kind as well as disrespect towards the target of the feeling; and they trigger avoidance and exclusion action tendencies. However, while sharing a common core, contempt and disgust are in our view distinct emotions, qualified by different cognitivemotivational features. Contempt is felt exclusively towards human targets, and implies sense of superiority over them, pessimistic feelings about their possibility of betterment, detachment from them, and avoidance driven by detachment; whereas disgust can be directed at a wide range of possible targets, and implies contamination sensitivity, fear of contamination, and feardriven avoidance. The differences between contempt and disgust are related to the different kinds of standard against which the target is evaluated, and the different kinds of disrespect engendered by the negative evaluation.

The widespread assumption that anger is a response to wrongdoing and motivates people to sanction it, as well as the lack of distinction between resentment and indignation, obscure notable differences among these three emotions in terms of their specific beliefs, goals, and action tendencies, their nonmoral or moral character, and the kinds of moral claim implied. We provide a cognitive-motivational analysis of anger, resentment, and indignation, showing that, while sharing a common core, they are distinguishable from one another because they comprise nonoverlapping belief-goal compounds. We also emphasize the usefulness of applying a belief-goal analysis to kin emotions because, by comparison, one can sharpen the analysis and identify the distinctive features of each of them.

This work proposes an analysis of the cognitive and motivational components of hope, its basic properties, and the affective dispositions and behaviors it is likely to induce. In our view current treatments of hope do not fully account for its specificity, by making hope overlap with positive expectation or some specification of positive expectation. In contrast, we attempt to highlight the distinctive features of hope, pointing to its differences from positive expectation, as well as from a sense of successful agency, optimism, trust, and faith. Fear and anxiety are also addressed, and the latter is analyzed as a state of mind implying both fear and hope. Finally, the relationship between hope and motivation is explored, and "active" hope is compared with "passive" hope. Some concluding remarks summarize the results of our analysis, and stress the role of hope in fostering the individual's well-being.

This study highlights the compliment response strategies of Jordanian adolescent students, and discusses the respective influences of gender and social power on the production of these strategies. The participants were 37 male and 37 female Jordanian adolescent students at private secondary schools in Amman, with ages ranging from 14–16. They responded to eight discourse completion test situations translated into Arabic to ensure the participants’ understanding. These eight scenarios resembled academic situations which students might face in their daily life, and were intended to represent interactions with persons of different social standing/power. The resulting data were analysed based on the classification system found in previous research. The results revealed that both male and female participants preferred to accept compliments over using non-acceptance strategies. The most frequent strategies used by both groups were combination strategies and acceptance strategies, while no...

This study investigates congratulation strategies used by Jordanian EFL postgraduate students. It also investigates the types of positive politeness strategies in the congratulation speech act. Data were collected using an adopted version of discourse completion test (DCT) by Dastjerdi and Nasri (2013). Data were encoded and analyzed based on the taxonomy of congratulation strategy proposed by Elwood (2004). Furthermore, data were analyzed based on a modified version of positive politeness strategies proposed by Brown and Levinson (1987). Findings revealed that the most frequently used strategies of congratulation were illocutionary force indicating devise (IFID), offer of good wishes, and expression of happiness. Regarding the positive politeness strategies, findings revealed that the most frequently used strategies by the participants were giving gift to listener, exaggeration, and ingroup identity marker. The study concludes with a discussion of important directions for future re...

The claw crane-an arcade game that invites its players to remotely grab a prize with a "claw"-has undergone a long process of development from an eye-catching "steam shovel" to a calculated gambling machine across amusement arcades, train stations, and traveling carnivals. Recently, the claw crane has become a common transmedia object in various consumer outlets around the world, serving today's "kidults" who are willing to play and be playful with toys as grownups. Especially in South Korea, the claw crane now rewards its players with cutified character plushies, which arguably reflects and resonates with the local sociocultural conventions. In this mixed-methods study, we deconstruct the claw crane as a historical artifact that promotes diverse forms of human interaction and engagement in the techno-cultural and social context of South Korea. The claw crane (or in South Korea, rather the "toy crane") is investigated by means of historical design analysis, a review of contemporary South Korean media texts, and field observations in Seoul. We suggest the claw crane to serve as a multipurpose medium for playful interactions beyond the act of play itself-and in South Korea, having become a means for playful courting and emotional support, which at times of anxiety, stress, and uncertainty may contribute to one's confidence and belief in the future.

Environment has become a major social problem for a greater number of people than ever before in recent years. As a consequence, in-depth research on green marketing and green purchasing has increased significantly. Although academic researchers have examined antecedents of green purchasing behavior, there still is room for further progress. One such area that needs further investigation is the role of generativity on green purchasing behavior because sustainability requires a long-term perspective that is embedded in the concept of generativity. This study examines the impact of generativity on consumer green purchasing behavior. Generativity refers to individuals’ beliefs that their current behaviors have consequences that extend into future generations. Moreover, the moderating roles of man-nature orientation and perceived behavioral control on generativity-green purchasing behavior link are also examined. Based on moral norm-activation theory, value-belief-norm theory, and theor...

Purpose of the study: This research intends to find out the role of generativity in green purchase behavior. Moreover, the mediating roles of environmental concern and pro-social attitude have also been proposed. Methodology: This study was conducted on 689 university students given the sensitivity towards the concepts of generativity, environmental concern, pro-social attitude, and green purchase behavior. The model validity was verified by performing the exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis. Finally, to test the hypotheses, hierarchal regression was performed. Main Findings: Results endorsed the positive impact of generativity concern on green purchase behavior. Additionally, the mediating roles of Environmental concern and pro-social attitude were also verified. Applications of this study: This study will be very useful for companies that are offering green products/services. Novelty/Originality of this study: This study distinguishes itself from prior stu...

The research has chosen the workers in construction-related companies in South Korea and the United Kingdom (UK) as research subjects in order to analyse factors that influence their usage intention of Artificial Intelligence (AI) based technologies. The perceived usefulness had a positive impact (+) on technological satisfaction and usage intention in terms of the commonalities shown by the construction industry workers in both countries, South Korea and the UK, in adopting AI-based technologies. Moreover, the most remarkable differences were personal competence and social influence when choosing AI-based technologies. It was analysed that in the case of South Korea, personal competence had a positive impact (+) on perceived ease of use, whereas the UK had a positive impact (+) on perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use. This study holds particular significance in the domain of cross-cultural research within the construction industry. It conducts an analysis of the factors influencing the adoption of AI-driven technologies or products, with a specific focus on the cultural differences between two nations: South Korea and the UK, which represent Eastern and Western cultural paradigms, respectively.

The purpose of the study is to assess the hypothesis that achievement goal orientations will predict sportpersonship attitudes among young athletes, namely that task orientation will predict socially positive attitudes and ego orientation will predict socially negative attitudes. For hundred and eighty two athletes, aged 13 to 16 years completed the Portuguese versions of the Task and Ego Orientation in Sport Questionnaire (TEOSQp) and of the Sports Attitudes Questionnaire (SAQp). Bivariate correlations were used to examine the relationships between TEOSQp and SAQp. Afterwards, relationships between ego orientation and score agreement in cheating and gamesmanship as well as task orientation and score agreement in convention and commitment were examined through EQS (version 5.7). For the estimation of the model, the maximum likelihood method was used. A matrix correlation between the variables (task orientation, ego orientation, cheating, gamesmanship, convention and commitment) showed positive correlations between task orientation and convention (r = 0.29, p < 0.01) and commitment (r = 0.40, p < 0.01). Ego orientation appeared to be positively correlated with cheating (r = 0.30, p < 0.01) and gamesmanship (r = 0.33, p < 0.01), and negatively with convention (r = -0.16, p < 0.01).The fit of the model was evaluated using the CFI (0.97) and SRMR (0.04). The hypothesized model was confirmed. Task and ego orientations produced a significant effect on prosocial attitudes and on antisocial attitudes, respectively. Task-oriented goals in youth sport programs can represent a relevant framework for promoting prosocial attitudes and consequentely increment the effectiveness of educational interventions.

La calidad de vida es un constructo definido desde diversos puntos de vista, pero que recupera la noción de un juicio subjetivo del grado de bienestar relacionado con indicadores biológicos, psicológicos, conductuales y sociales que rodean al individuo. Objetivo. Reportar la validez factorial de una escala de autopercepción de la calidad de vida en adolescentes. Método. A partir de la construcción de la escala por un grupo de expertos se aplicó a un total de 462 sujetos y se llevó a cabo un análisis factorial con rotación varimax. Resultados. La consistencia interna global es de 0.92, con un coeficiente Alpha de 0.91 para el factor de bienestar social y de 0.74 para bienestar social, mismos que explican 43.20% y 7.14% de la varianza, respectivamente. Conclusión. Este estudio demostró que por su estructura factorial y los valores alfa obtenidos, este instrumento es confiable y puede utilizarse en la investigación de este fenómeno entre los jóvenes.

Validez factorial de una escala de percepción de vida ... Dra. Martha Patricia Bonilla Muñoz,* Mtra. Patricia Balcázar Nava,* Dra. Gloria Margarita Gurrola Peña,* Dr. José Antonio Vírseda Heras,* Lic. Psiq. Luis Trejo González** ... * Profesores-investigadores de ...

Exchanges with Chinese students in Japan, who comprise the majority of international students, may be a worthwhile intercultural experience for Japanese students. However, because of the lack of contact between Chinese and Japanese students on campus, many Japanese students tend to form impressions of China through the media. This study aims to explore the factors influencing Japanese students' positive attitudes toward Chinese students and the former's awareness of stereotypes based on an online interview in Japanese conducted during an elective political science course. This study adopts a qualitative research methodology to analyze students' written reflections contextually. The content analysis revealed that Chinese students' "Japaneseness", characterized by Japanese language fluency, affected the perceptions of Japanese students, who changed their attitudes toward Chinese people and intercultural exchanges. Further discussion is necessary to determine whether Japanese students' preferences for "Japanese-like" international students may create new stereotypes rather than enhance diversity benefits. The findings illustrate the need for future research and practice on how students with no experience in communicating with minority citizens can overcome ethnocentric perspectives and embrace diversity.

The article presents the statistics of violent behavior, the effects of violence and the legal consequences of its use. The authors pay attention to aspects of psychological violence: emotional abuse and control behavior, as well as to the increasingly popular phenomenon of gaslighting. The research was carried out using the method of individual cases and the technique of document analysis, observation and interview. The study covered a woman - a victim of domestic violence and her mother. The aim of the study was to find out the answers to the following research problems: When and under what circumstances did the respondent meet her husband? Why did she get married? How long did the violence in the relationship last? What were the effects of the violence? Where did the respondent look for help?

from a gender perspective. The data were collected from an equally divided sample of 100 male and female adults (age 20-79 years) from different regions of Jordan by means of a 31-item checklist of potentially impolite behaviors. The findings revealed an effect for gender as, despite evident similarities, male and female respondents manifest differences in their perceptions of what constitutes (im)polite behavior. The study concludes with recommendations for further research.