Late Middle Ages

aLessia frisetti, Luigi di cosmo, iLaria ebreo, nicodemo abate il castello di rupecanina e il cantiere didattico di archeologia medioevale. stato della ricerca e proposte future per lo studio delle fasi post-antiche della media Valle del Volturno i cantieri universitari hanno avuto inizio dopo un'altrettanto felice campagna di scavo svoltasi negli anni 2007-200 2 . Questa, ricadeva all'interno dei finanziamenti Por campania 2001-2006, ed è stata condotta negli anni in cui il gruppo di lavoro, afferente alla cattedra di archeologia medioevale del Prof. federico marazzi, dava inizio ad un nuovo ambizioso progetto che avrebbe portato alla nascita del Latem 3 (Laboratori di archeologia tardoantica e medioevale) a Piedimonte matese (ce), finalizzato allo studio su vasta scala del paesaggio post-antico della media Valle del Volturno 4 . Le ricerche del 2007-200 hanno permesso di indagare una complessa sequenza stratigrafica (900 us ca.) della zona sommitale del sito, chiusa dalla prima cinta muraria. in particolare, le indagini sono state concentrate nell'area in cui insiste la torre mastia a pianta quadrangolare, alcuni ambienti a sud di essa, di cui si parlerà in dettaglio più avanti, una cisterna posta ad est della torre, e la zona all'estremità sud dell'altura. a queste indagini, ha fatto seguito poi lo scavo della chiesa del borgo con annesso nucleo cimiteriale. Le successive ricerche, svoltesi negli anni 2009-2011, nell'ambito dei cantieri-scuola universitari, hanno invece interessato la fascia est del nucleo sommitale, che ha evidenziato la presenza di 4 ambienti (c2-3-4-5) con andamento n-s, e la zona sud, divisa in 3 vani (b6-7-) orientati o-e (tav. 1). ad oggi, le aree indagate coprono all'incirca il 50% di tutta l'area sommitale (fig. ). i dati stratigrafici, documentati e puntualmente confrontati con le informazioni estrapolate dall'analisi dei reperti (ceramici 5 , numismatici 6 e metallici 7 ), hanno consentito a. frisetti, L. di cosmo, i. ebreo, n. abate tav. 1 -Planimetria generale del sito con indicazione degli ambienti e delle strutture oggetto di studio (elab grafica a. frisetti)

Dieses Buch bietet eine umfassende Analyse des spätmittelalterlichen Wandels in Südosteuropa, der durch das Zusammenspiel von lateinischem Christentum, orthodoxem Christentum und osmanischem Islam geprägt wurde. Es untersucht, wie religiöse Identitäten politisch instrumentalisiert wurden und welche Auswirkungen dies auf die historischen Narrative der Region sowie auf die moderne Geopolitik hatte. In drei thematischen Abschnitten beleuchtet das Buch zentrale Konzepte, Terminologie und historiografische Verzerrungen, bietet eine faktenbasierte Übersicht über politische, militärische und religiöse Entwicklungen vor und während der osmanischen Eroberung und analysiert die soziokulturellen Auswirkungen der osmanischen Herrschaft. Besonderes Augenmerk liegt auf der Rolle von Krieg, Konversion und institutionellem Wandel sowie auf der Umgestaltung städtischer und religiöser Strukturen. Durch die Dekonstruktion nationalistischer Mythen und ideologischer Verzerrungen trägt dieses Werk zu einem nuancierten Verständnis der umkämpften Vergangenheit Südosteuropas bei. Mit einer Fülle an Primärquellen, historiografischen Analysen und visuellen Materialien bietet es einen kritischen Rahmen für die Auseinandersetzung mit der komplexen Geschichte der Region und ihrem nachhaltigen Einfluss auf den zeitgenössischen politischen Diskurs.

The subject of this paper is the military routes proposed by the humanist Martin Segon in his anti-Ottoman crusading treatise Quos terrarum limites (1480/81). The study examines Segon’s methods of crusade planning, particularly regarding his use of knowledge about the road networks and terrain of Southeastern Europe. It provides a classification of Segon’s crusading routes based on their strategic importance. Furthermore, the extent to which Segon’s descriptions were based on personal insight versus reliance on other sources is evaluated. The paper also discusses the matter of continuity and discontinuity in the use of certain war routes.

In the Middle Ages, people expressed their social differences, positions and roles as well as religious affinities in various ways. One of them was the use of seals, and the present article analyses four recent finds of medieval seal matrices from Finland. Three belong to priests, and based on the use of heraldry, one to a member of the nobility. In terms of materials, one is of silver and the rest bronze alloys. As objects of identity performance, medieval matrices, archival sources permitting, can open large vistas on the genealogical networks of medieval society as well as individuality in medieval culture.

U radu se raspravlja o gradu Livnu u kontekstu ranosrednjovjekovne
hrvatske države. Nastoji se odgovoriti na pitanje je li Livno bilo jedno od
važnih središta ili tek ruralno područje na periferiji države. S obzirom na
to da je Livno kao urbano naselje arheološki gotovo neistraženo, temi se
pristupa iz različitih aspekata, pri čemu se izlazi iz strogih kronoloških i
geografskih okvira utvrđenog ranosrednjovjekovnog grada, koji je stratigrafski
još uvijek najveća nepoznanica. Povijesni izvori potvrđuju postojanje
utvrđenog ranosrednjovjekovnog grada Livna (Cleuna, Hlivno),
a osim njih, pri istraživanju su poslužili arheološki nalazi, topografija i
rijetki sačuvani ostatci s terena. Na temelju sakupljenih podataka nastojalo
se rekonstruirati položaj i ulogu ranosrednjovjekovnog utvrđenog
grada Livna, s okolnim područjem, u okvirima ranosrednjovjekovne hrvatske
države te ukazati na okolnosti stradanja i pregradnji srednjovjekovnog
grada.
Ključne riječi: Livno, Cleuna, Hlivno, Županija Hlivno, ranosrednjovjekovna
hrvatska država, grobni nalazi, predromaničke crkve.

El último siglo de existencia de las comunidades mudéjares es el mejor conocido por  los  historiadores  gracias  la  mayor  abundancia  documental.  En  este  trabajo  se  revisa  el  estado actual de cuestiones como distribución espacial, las instituciones, la sociedad, la cultura y la economía de los musulmanes del norte de la Corona de Castilla, señalando sus principales características.

En este artículo se estudian una serie de documentos relacionados con la Tença do Temple conservados en el Archivo de la Catedral de Santiago. El objetivo es profundizar en esta tenencia del cabildo compostelano no analizada de manera monográfica hasta ahora, y considerar a través de sus propiedades la antigua presencia de la Orden del Temple en la zona de la Terra do Salnés, Moraña y Arcos da Condesa (Pontevedra). En una primera parte se abordará el momento de la fundación de la tenencia tras la recepción del conjunto de bienes que habían pertenecido a los templarios, así como el pleito que el cabildo de Santiago mantiene por la posesión de este patrimonio con el conde de Lemos Pedro Enríquez de Trastámara y Gonzalo Pérez de Goyanes ante la Audiencia Real. En un segundo punto se analizará un inventario de la Tença do Temple producido en el siglo XV, copia de una fuente anterior, el cual recoge un listado de las propiedades que administraba. Este escrito no sólo nos proporciona una apreciación de los bienes y rentas de esta tenencia, sino que también nos aproxima a una idea de su anterior articulación en el patrimonio de la Orden del Temple.

Na temelju spisa Kaznenog suda u Dubrovniku iz tri desetljeća 1711/20, 1751/60. i 1791/1800, te drugih izvora istražuju se kazneni postupci u kojima se javljaju djeca i mlađi adolescenti. Utvrđuje se broj kaznenih postupaka u kojima su djeca i mlađi adolescenti žrtve ili počinitelji i njihov udio u ukupnom broju kaznenih djela. Uočavaju se podudarnosti kretanja ukupnog broja kaznenih djela i onih u kojima su sudionici pripadnici spomenutih skupina, naime pad broja najtežih zločina prema kraju stoljeća. Analiziraju se oblici kaznenih djela nad djecom, osobito onih najtežih, ubojstva, čedomorstva i silovanja, te istražuje postupak kaznenog suda prema žrtvama i počiniteljima kaznenih djela dječje i u nekoliko slučajeva rane adolescentne dobi. Rad ukazuje na odnos sudbene vlasti u zaštiti djece i adolescenata te postupanje zajednice u slučaju obiteljskog nasilja.

The International Meetings of the Middle Ages of Nájera have been proposed as an international congress in the field of study and dissemination of Medieval History since its creation in 2003, promoted by the City Council of Nájera and the Government of La Rioja.
The 22th  edition of the Meetings is devoted to the theme:

DISABILITY AND INCLUSION IN THE MEDIEVAL CITY: A COMPARATIVE VIEW BETWEEN EUROPE AND THE ISLAMIC WORLD

In the Middle Ages, the lives of people with disabilities presented unique challenges. These XXII Meetings want to expose how these people were perceived and treated in medieval society, as well as the forms of integration from a comparative perspective between European and Islamic world cities.
In the Middle Ages, the perception of disability was influenced by religious beliefs and superstitions. Disability was often seen as divine punishment or a test of faith. However, there were also attitudes of compassion and charity, promoted by the religious and secular institutions, that urged society to care for the most vulnerable.
Despite social barriers, people with disabilities found ways to integrate into urban life. Some of the ways they participated in the economy and society included:
1. Work and job opportunities: People with disabilities often engaged in trades that did not require great physical mobility, such as artisans, weavers, teachers, sellers, buffoons … 
2. Begging and charity: Begging was a common form of subsistence for many people with disabilities who were unable to work. Charity was seen as a religious virtue, and citizens were encouraged to help those in need.
3. Sense of belonging: Charitable institutions provided not only material assistance, but also a sense of community and belonging.

Even though the forms of inclusion, people with disabilities faced numerous barriers and challenges:
1. Stigmatization: Disability often carried a social stigma. Persons with disabilities could be mocked or discriminated, and in some cases, were marginalized from public life.
2. Limited access to resources: People with disabilities relied heavily on charity, resulting in unsafe lives.
3. Mobility and accessibility: Medieval cities were not designed to be accessible. The cobblestone streets, stairs and lack of adequate infrastructure made it difficult for people with disabilities to move around.

Thus, people with disabilities and their social inclusion in the medieval city was a complex and multifaceted process. Although they faced numerous challenges and barriers, they also found ways to integrate into urban life through work, charity, and religious institutions. The perception of disability was influenced by religious and social beliefs, which could be both limiting and facilitating inclusion. At these meetings we also intend to analyse the similarities and differences of the social inclusion of people with disabilities in European and Islamic cities.
Among the topics that will be discussed in the meetings  are:
1. Legislation and rights: Laws and regulations affecting persons with disabilities and their inclusion in society.
2. The historical, literary and iconographic sources for the knowledge of disability in the Middle Ages.
3. Charitable and welfare institutions: The role of hospitals, churches, mosques and monasteries in the care of people with disabilities.
4. Guilds and social assistance: guilds provided support to their disabled members, such as financial aid or care in case of illness
5. Economy and work: The job opportunities and works that people with disabilities could access.
6. Everyday life and mobility: The difficulties and adaptations in daily life and mobility within medieval cities.
7. Stigmatization and discrimination: Social attitudes towards persons with disabilities and mechanisms of exclusion and discrimination.
8. Disability and social group: The differences between people with disabilities in the elites and those in the rest of urban society were marked due to access to better medical care, food, and economic resources.
9. Disability and gender: The gender of women and affective sex minorities interacted with disability to face a double stigma and shape their lives differently
10. Support and solidarity networks: The forms of community support and solidarity networks that helped people with disabilities.
11. Education and training: The educational and training opportunities available to people with disabilities.
12. Religion and spirituality: The role of religion in the lives of persons with disabilities and how it influenced their social inclusion.
13. Specific case studies: Analysis of specific cases of people with disabilities and their integration in different medieval cities from a comparative European and Islamic perspective.  Instituciones laicas.
14. Ports and persons with disabilities: In the dynamic and competitive environment of ports, persons with disabilities often faced a double exclusion: because of their status and because of their inability to actively participate in maritime or commercial activities, but they were also points of departure and arrival for pilgrimages to holy places in search of healing or in the hope of accessing spiritual or material resources elsewhere.

82.0 9"0 5/14" l ª Edición 2012 Reservados todos los derechos. De acuerdo con la legislación vigente, y bajo las sanciones en ella previstas, queda totalmente prohibida la reproducción y/o trnnsmisión parcial o total de este libro, por procedimientos mecánicos o electrónicos, incluyendo fotocopia, grabación magnética, óptica o cualesquiera otros procedimientos que la técnica permita o pueda permitir en el futuro, sin la expresa autorización por escrito de los propietarios del copyright.

The essay describes the development of the theory of restoration and the development of cooperation between art historians, restorers, and technologists in Bohemia from 1919 to the present. Two institutions played an important role in shaping this process: NG Prague and AVU V Prague. The close cooperation between Vincenc Kramář, the director of the predecessor of today's NG Prague, and the restorer Adolf Bělohoubek was the basic starting point for intensive interdisciplinary cooperation. The principles of scientific restoration were later established by Bohuslav Slánský, on whose initiative a special school of restoration was established in 1947 at the Academy of Fine Arts in Prague. In the years 1953–1956, he published the basic and still current handbook The Technique of Painting, which became the theoretical basis for the restoration of works of art in what was then Czechoslovakia. He built the field of restoration on a scientific basis and its concept was still monitored in the so-called Czech restoration school, consisting mainly of graduates of Bohuslav Slánský (Mojmír Hamsík, etc.). Recently, with the development of technological possibilities of non-invasive research, cooperation between art historians and restorers has become more intense and a result is a number of interesting exhibition projects.

Titres et résumés argumentés. Cette bibliographie présente mes ouvrages publiés depuis un peu plus d'une vingtaine d'années environ, qu'ils soient imprimés chez divers éditeurs ou en ligne et accessibles librement, ou les deux. La liste comporte 48 ouvrages plus 4 comme directeur de la publication. En fin de liste je donne également les références de quelques articles que j'estime devoir mentionner parmi les quelque 600 contributions données à une cinquantaine de revues françaises et étrangères, ainsi qu'aux blogs ou carnets d'hypothèses.

Keramički materijal uobičajena je i često najzastupljenija vrsta nalaza na arheološkim nalazištima te su od mlađega kamenog doba brojni nalazi ulomaka lončarije tipičan rezultat arheoloških iskopavanja. Ipak, od srednjeg vijeka lončarija postaje izniman nalaz na grobljima oko crkava, a zbog često intenzivnog ukopavanja pokojnika obično je  lišena  izvornih  konteksta.  Unatoč  tomu,  moguće  je  pretpostaviti  da  kontinuirano  ukopavanje neće nužno rezultirati premještanjem materijala na veće udaljenosti te da koncentracija ulomaka keramike na određenom prostoru može biti naznaka područ-ja,  intenziteta  i  vrste  aktivnosti  tijekom  određenog  razdoblja.  Time  njezina  pojava,  specifične tehnološke, tipološke i kronološke značajke te učestalost i distribucija mogu proširiti uvid u načine korištenja istraživanog prostora. Iz tog je razloga ovaj rad po-svećen  razmatranju  informativnog  potencijala  keramičkih  nalaza  nađenih  većinom  izvan izvornih konteksta, najčešće u zapunama brojnih grobova ukopanih oko crkve Uznesenja  Blažene  Djevice  Marije  u  mjestu  Gori,  smještenom  oko  osam  kilometara  jugozapadno  od  Petrinje.  Na  temelju  analize  značajki  tehnike  izrade  te  očuvanih  tipoloških  karakteristika,  prikupljeni  keramički  materijal  tipološko-kronološki  je  de-terminiran.  U  skladu  s  definiranim  vremenskim  opredjeljenjem,  u  GIS  okruženju  provedena je analiza obrazaca njegove pojave, učestalosti i distribucije na nalazištu. Time je otvorena mogućnost izvođenja određenih pretpostavki i donošenja pojedinih zaključaka o obrascima korištenja ovog prostora tijekom različitih vremenskih perioda.

Il saggio illustra il cantiere medievale della collegiata astigiana di San Secondo, soffermandosi sulle fasi costruttive documentate in elevato, quindi tra il tardo XIII e il XV secolo inoltrato. Il volume in onore di Corrado Bozzoni, in due tomi, è un numero monografico dei "Quaderni dell'Istituto di Storia dell'Architettura", n.s., 79-80 (2024).

Zagreb, Hrvatska UDK: 94(497.5:450 Venezia)"14" Izvorni znanstveni rad Prihvaćeno: 12. ožujka 2016. U radu je prikazan jedan primjer neuobičajene plovidbe trgovačkog jedrenjaka iz prve polovice 15. stoljeća u čemu su sudjelovala dva pomorca iz hrvatskih krajeva. Slučaj je zanimljiv zbog toga što je plovilo dospjelo do krajnjih granica tada poznatog svijeta -na jugu do Kanarskih otoka, a na sjeveru do Lofotskog otočja. Stečena saznanja ugrađena su u jedan od najvažnijih kartografskih spomenika kasnog srednjeg vijeka. Osim toga, na povratku su preživjeli posjetili Ivana VI. Frankopana u Švedskoj. Ključne riječi: hrvatski pomorci, Mletačka Republika, Kanarski otoci, Lofotski otoci, portulanske karte. Nazočnost pomoraca iz hrvatskih krajeva na mletačkim brodovima bila je činjenica odavno poznata i obrađena u historiografskim djelima. Međutim, u prošlosti je pozornost bila usmjerena na njihove ratne zgode u sastavu posada ratne mornarice Republike Sv. Marka, a tek u posljednje vrijeme porastao je udjel prikaza naših ljudi ukrcanih na trgovačke jedrenjake i druga plovila koja su se kretala po cijelom Sredozemlju, ali i izvan njega -sve do Sjevernog mora. 1 U ovom radu pokušat ćemo dati potpun prikaz jedne plovidbe koja je prešla uobičajene granice doplovljavanja tih brodova i naših članova njihovih posada. Veze Mletaka s lukama na Sjevernom moru uspostavljene su u 13. stoljeću, i to s dvadesetak godina kašnjenja za Đenovom. To je bilo drugo od šest (ili sedam) regionalnih tržišta na koja je upućivan jednak broj odreda trgovačkih galija koji su bili pod većim ili manjim stupnjem kontrole Mletačke Republike. 2 Jedini konvoj 1

1.-El largo camino hacia las comarcas en Aragón (aproximación didáctica). Agustín ubieto ArtetA. 2.-Comarca del Aranda. JAvier Hernández, Julián Millán y Agustín serrA (coordinAdores). 3.-Comarca del Alto Gállego. José luis Acín FAnlo (coordinAdor). 4.-Comarca de Valdejalón. MAnuel bAllArín Aured (coordinAdor). 5.-Las comarcas de Aragón: territorio y futuro. Jorge inFAnte díAz (editor). 6.-El proceso de comarcalización de Aragón. Análisis político y administrativo. AlFredo boné Pueyo y rogelio silvA gAyoso (coordinAdores). 7.-Comarca del Matarraña. José Antonio benAvente serrAno y teresA tHoMson llisterri (coordinAdores). 8.-Comarca del Campo de Daroca. FAbián MAñAs bAllestín (coordinAdor). 9.-Comarca del Jiloca. eMilio benedicto giMeno (coordinAdor). 10.-Comarca del Campo de Borja. isidro AguilerA ArAgón y MAríA FernAndA blAsco sAncHo (coordinAdores). 11.-Comarca de Tarazona y el Moncayo. MAríA teresA AinAgA Andrés y Jesús criAdo MAinAr (coordinAdores). 12.-Comarca de La Jacetania. José luis onA gonzález y sergio sáncHez lAnAsPA (coordinAdores). 13.-Comarca de Gúdar-Javalambre. MAríA victoriA lozAno tenA (coordinAdorA). 14.-Comarca del Bajo Cinca. Félix J. Montón broto (coordinAdor).

'Anleitung' im How to Stil für lokale Klimarecherchen mit Studierenden für den zweiten Teil unseres Handbuchs Experimente lernen Techniken tauschen

https://nocturne-plattform.de/text/klima-wissen-lokalisieren-decarbonize-your-city
mehr how tos:
https://nocturne-plattform.de/texts

The general impression of the Middle Ages in contemporary popular culture reflects notions of limited social development with people fixed into a rigid social hierarchy. Academic historian and BBC presenter Janina Ramirez questions this perception of medieval society. In her book Femina: A New History of the Middle Ages, Through the Women Written Out of It (2022), she asks the reader to re-imagine a medieval world in which extraordinary women proved themselves accomplished leaders, diplomats, religious decision-makers, adventurers, entrepreneurs, artists, patrons, mystics, movers and shakers, warriors, polymaths, and scientists.

This paper deals with the high medieval development of the two important centers of Halberstadt and Lüneburg. Current archaeological research is used to show the similarities and differences in the high medieval development of the two towns. The natural topography, the archaeological evidence in the core areas of the settlements and the further development in the High Middle Ages are discussed.

Abstract: This article analyzes the depiction of the Three Kings at the high altar of the monastery church of Blaubeuren (c. 1493) in light of the New Testament account (Matthew 2:1–12) and the development of legends in the late Middle Ages, particularly the Historia trium regum by the Carmelite friar Johannes von Hildesheim (c. 1370). While the Bible describes them as “wise men from the east” without further attribution, the Historia trium regum established their interpretation as representatives of the world and shaped their iconographic design as kings. The study shows how the Blaubeuren altar takes up the legend tradition created by Johannes von Hildesheim, which was very popular until the beginning of the 16th century: the Black King (Caspar) refers to the universal message of salvation that includes all peoples. At the same time, the depiction reflects the political and theological program of the Historia, which stylizes the kings as secular rulers who submit to Christ's sovereignty. The golden clothing and magnificent accessories of the young black king combine (without any racist overtones) biblical typology (Ps 72:10–11) with medieval globalization narratives, as popularized by the text of John of Hildesheim.

Zusammenfassung (german): Der Beitrag analysiert die Darstellung der Heiligen Drei Könige am Hochaltar der Klosterkirche von Blaubeuren (um 1493) vor dem Hintergrund der neutestamentlichen Überlieferung (Mt 2,1–12) und der spätmittelalterlichen Legendenbildung, insbesondere der Historia trium regum des Karmeliters Johannes von Hildesheim (um 1370). Während sie die Bibel als „Weise aus dem Osten“ ohne weitere Zuordnung beschreibt, etablierte die Historia trium regum ihre Deutung als Repräsentanten der Welt und prägte ihre ikonographische Ausgestaltung als Könige. Die Studie zeigt, wie der Blaubeurer Altar die von Johannes von Hildesheim geschaffene und bis Anfang des 16. Jahrhunderts sehr populäre Legendentradition aufgreift: Der Schwarze König (Caspar) verweist auf die universale Heilsbotschaft, die alle Völker einschließt. Zugleich spiegelt die Darstellung die politisch-theologische Programmatik der Historia, die die Könige als weltliche Herrscher stilisiert, die sich Christi Souveränität unterwerfen. Die goldene Kleidung und die prächtigen Accessoires des jungen schwarzen Königs verknüpfen (ohne rassifizierende Anklänge) biblische Typologie (Ps 72,10–11) mit mittelalterlichen Globalisierungsnarrativen, wie sie der Text Johannes‘ von Hildesheim popularisierte.

Research network "Arca Comunis: sistemas fiscales, estructuras económicas y poderes (siglos XIII-XVII)" (RED2022-134575-T) • Research project "Rompiendo jerarquías. Movilidad social, dinamismo económico y desarrollo institucional en el Mediterráneo "Occidental (siglos XIII-XVI)" (CIPROM/2022/46) PARTNERS: • Research project "Sistemas fiscales y construcción estatal: Castilla, centros y periferias (1250-1550)" (PID2021-126283NB-I00) • Research project "Mercados, instituciones e integración económica en el Mediterráneo Occidental (siglos XIII-XVI)" (PID2021-128038NB-I00) • Research projetc "Fuentes documentales del reino de Granada" (HUM243)

ne e sodalizi; -Vincenzo Barra, Memoria, esperienza e identità. Un approccio microstorico allo studio della mobilità in età moderna; -Simone Selva, Financial crises and international economic integration amidst capital flows and aggregate demand.

¿Puede lobizón acudir a tratamientos psiquiátricos? ¿Qué ocurre cuando una sirena, en vez de representar el lugar común de belleza y juventud, muestra un aspecto grotesco? ¿Cómo cambia la visión del mundo si Dafne se transformara en cactus y no en un árbol de laurel? Estas son algunas de las preguntas que se exploran en los relatos fantásticos “Vida de perros”, “Sirena de río” y “La chica cactus”, de Ana María Shua. A través de los cuentos mencionados se examinará cómo la reinterpretación de los mitos y sus monstruos, además de desafiar las bases epistemológicas y ontológicas de la mentalidad occidental, desvela modos de discriminación y violencia contra los seres marginados. Se basará el análisis textual en las teorías del monstruo, de los estudios animales y del posthumanismo para interpretar al lobizón, la sirena y la chica cactus como vehículos que revelan situaciones desconcertantes e incómodas sobre la vida y el mundo contemporáneos.
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Can a werewolf go to psychiatric treatment? What happens when a mermaid, instead of representing the commonplace of beauty and youth, shows a grotesque appearance? How would the worldview change if Daphne was transformed into a cactus instead of a laurel tree? These are some of the questions explored in the fantastic short stories “Life of Dogs,” “River Mermaid” and “The Cactus Girl,” by Ana María Shua. Through these stories, I will examine how the reinterpretation of myths and their monsters, in addition to challenging the epistemological and ontological bases of the Western thought, reveals ways of discrimination and violence against marginalized beings. The textual analysis will be based on the theories of the monster, animal studies and posthumanism to interpret the werewolf, the mermaid and the cactus girl as vehicles that reveal disconcerting and uncomfortable situations about contemporary life and the world.

den 1360er Jahren lückenhaft) verzeichnen die Abrechnungen der einzelnen Klosterämter. Ab 1299 wurden dabei auch die Naturalienbestände in Geld bewertet und beim Vermögensstand berücksichtigt. Bernhard Lübbers bewertete die Aldersbacher Rechnungen als die ältesten in Bayern erhaltenen Klosterrechnungen. Obwohl es sich um Reinschriften handelt, wechseln die Schreiberhände fast jährlich. Im Zisterzienserorden hatte der Abt jährlich am Generalkapitel seines Ordens in Cîteaux (Burgund) teilzunehmen und Kontributionen an den Orden zu bezahlen. Die Rechnungen sind eine wichtige Quelle zur Geschichte des Klosters Aldersbach. Sie informieren nicht nur über die Reisen des Abtes, sondern auch über die Verwalter der einzelnen Ämter im Kloster und über die Kontakte zum Aldersbacher Weinlesehof in Gneixendorf (Stadt Krems an der Donau, Niederösterreich). Deutlich werden aber auch Beziehungen zu den niederbayerischen bzw. gesamtbayerischen Herzögen sowie zu Gönner:innen des Klosters. Insbesondere spiegeln sie natürlich die wirtschaftlichen Beziehungen der Gemeinschaft wider:

La visite régulière est un mécanisme de contrôle de la vie des couvents. À l’âge des réformes, disposer du droit de visite est un enjeu de pouvoir, a fortiori dans le contexte des rivalités sur les sens à donner à l’observance du message franciscain. La visitatio sied à la propagation d’idées réformatrices, ainsi qu’à la formation d’une communauté d’observance. L’histoire de la visite régulière est pourtant méconnue chez les frères mineurs. L’article présente le fonctionnement de la visitatio chez les frères mineurs, avant d’en montrer les spécificités chez les Observants hongrois au XVe siècle. La vicairie du Saint-Sauveur en Hongrie se caractérise par une histoire complexe, passant à plusieurs reprises entre 1448 et 1502 de la soumission directe au ministre général à l’obéissance aux vicaires de observantia cismontains, ce qui crée des tensions autour de la procédure de visite.

L’obra historiogràfica de l’escriptor francès Philippe Contamine, "La guerra de los cien años", ens ofereix una perspectiva òptima, senzilla i alhora plena de detalls per tal d’entendre un dels grans conflictes bèl·lics que tingué durada al llarg de més d’un segle a l’Occident de l’Europa Medieval. Concretament, explica amb minuciosa precisió històrica —i en poc més de cent pàgines— la trajectòria conflictiva i diplomàtica entre les dues potències europees del context històric de la Baixa Edat Mitjana; és a dir, França i Anglaterra dels segles XIV i XV. En altres paraules, més que donar-li voltes a les dates exactes de tots i cadascun dels fets en qüestió, es centra específicament en l’evolució de les diverses etapes o fases que desencadenà aquest complex històric entre dues nacions amb tanta història i passat en comú.

In the first part of the article the author examines the factors that influenced the significant increase in the number of private documents written by notaries from the second half of the thirteenth until the end of the fifteenth century in all communal centres on the Eastern Adriatic coast – from Poreč to Kotor. In contrast to the period from the ninth to the beginning of the thirteenth century, when private documents were recorded exclusively for individuals belonging to the elite layers of Eastern Adriatic urban societies, the period of the last decades of the High Middle Ages and the entire period of the Late Middle Ages was characterised by continuous growth in the number of private documents for both male and female, poor and rich, citizens and inhabitants, the domicile population and foreigners. Starting from the end of the thirteenth century, the practice of recording private documents spread even to the rural areas belonging to the Adriatic communes, and with each passing ...

Streszczenie. W niniejszym artykule prześledzono kariery wybranych rodzin szlacheckich, których przedstawiciele zaktywizowali się w okresie bezkrólewia po śmierci Ludwika Węgierskiego (1382). Reprezentowali oni rody Doliwów, Jastrzębców, Junoszów oraz Sulimów. Sytuacja w Królestwie Polskim była napięta, bowiem społeczeństwo polskie podzieliło się na dwa obozy, które forsowały odmienne koncepcje obsady polskiego tronu. Ścierały się ze sobą opcje andegaweńska oraz piastowska. Niejako w centrum tych wydarzeń-ze względu na swoje położenie-znalazły się również ziemie łęczycka i sieradzka. W końcowej fazie konfliktu Siemowit IV zdecydował się zająć Łęczyckie, a napadu na stołeczną Łęczycę dokonał oddział dowodzony przez Bartosza z Odolanowa-wojewódzkie miasto zostało spustoszone i spalone. Zaangażowanie miejscowej szlachty w bieżące wydarzenia polityczne przyniosło jej w niedalekiej przyszłości wymierne korzyści, gdyż do tej pory nie odgrywała ona wiodącej roli politycznej. Czas zawieruchy wojennej i skomplikowana w owym czasie sytuacja prawno-polityczna ziemi łęczyckiej doprowadziły ostatecznie do objęcia przez nią urzędów (wielu otrzymało swoje pierwsze godności ziemskie jeszcze za życia Jadwigi) i w konsekwencji przyniosły awans społeczny, z którego czerpały także kolejne pokolenia. Kluczowa w awansie była naturalnie polityka Władysława Jagiełły, który pozyskiwał kolejnych stronników poprzez rozdawanie urzędów. W artykule podjęto również próbę identyfikacji przypuszczalnych stronników Siemowita IV wśród łęczyckiej szlachty, wskazując na Junoszów z Orłowa, którzy wywodzili się z Mazowsza Siemowitów.

The issue of royal deaths, along with studies on the ceremonial framework, the artistic and ideological aspects of their funerals, the rituals of power succession, and the public manifestation of dynastic power, represents a significant area of research in contemporary humanities. This article explores the origins and evolution of mourning and funeral ceremonies for Polish monarchs, and subsequently, based on various sources, examines the fixed and variable elements of the funerals of Sigismund I the Old (r. 1507-1548), Sigismund II Augustus (r. 1548-1572), and Stephen Báthory (r. 1575-1586), which followed a ceremonial protocol established in 1548. Additionally, it addresses the challenges of reconstructing the visual aspects of these ceremonies, with particular attention paid to their artistic and ideological components and their connections to the funerary traditions of other European rulers.

Excavations at an early modern duck decoy site uncovered nearly 2,700 ceramic fragments, representing at least 591 individual objects. A significant portion of these sherds likely originated from landfill deposits used to elevate the terrain and maintain dry conditions. The materials suggest temporary or seasonal use of the site by the duck decoy keeper rather than permanent habitation. Among the finds was a lime egg, used to attract and breed ducks. Notably, a considerable number of large storage jars were recovered, likely used for storing cattle feed or repurposed as breeding spots for ducks. Additionally, so-called "mice pots"—secondary-use cooking vessels buried in the ground to trap mice—were identified, suggesting the storage of products at the location. Other nearly intact cooking wares with visible sooting, including frying pans, indicate regular domestic activities at the site. However, the absence of chamber pots suggests that overnight stays were uncommon. Overall, this assemblage offers valuable insights into the underrepresented suburban landscape of Utrecht, shedding light on the daily practices and adaptive strategies of those managing the duck decoy.

Cet ouvrage tend à nuancer une doxa historiographique qui contribue à minorer très largement le poids des rencontres princières au cours de la période allant de la Renaissance aux Lumières. Il s’agit de « cerner par quels moyens […] la confiance s’est construite entre les princes » (p. 66) car toute rencontre princière suppose une forme de confiance en l’autre dans la mesure où aucune institution n’existe pour sanctionner la violation des règles tacites de l’entrevue au sommet. Le risque de l’assassinat demeure grand lorsque le prince expose sa personne à celui dont les véritables intentions sont impénétrables et qui s’avère être, la plupart du temps, un ennemi.

The paper discusses the compilatory and narrative techniques of an Old Hungarian passion narrative copied into a voluminous manuscript (Érsekújvári Codex, Budapest, Library and Information Centre of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, K45) compiled in the Domincan convent on the Island of the Hares (today Margaret Island, Budapest) in 1529-1531 by Sister Márta Sövényházi and her helpers. This history of the passion was compiled from Gospel texts, biblical glosses perhaps based on Nicolaus de Lyra and scences probably going back to the Meditationes vitae Christi, as well as some unknown sources. Márta Sövényházi illustrated the long ‘devotional passion’ with several handmade and coloured copies of woodcuts.

'Arts in Dialogue: Lucca at the End of the Middle Ages' - International Study Conference, curated by L. Berretti, V. Caramico, and L.U. Conti Marchetti. Lucca, Museo Nazionale di Villa Guinigi, March 27-28, 2025.

The conference aims to provide an up-to-date overview of late Gothic art in Lucca, adopting a wide-ranging perspective that includes painting, sculpture, goldsmithing and textiles. It will explore the interplay between these artistic expressions within Lucca and their connections to other Italian and international centres.

Artykuł omawia wybrane źródła z Archiwum Cystersów w Mogile: dokumenty i listy opatów Jana Taczela i Jakuba z Michowa. Na ich podstawie analizuje funkcjonowanie struktur prowincjalnych cystersów polskich u schyłku XV wieku, wskazując podstawowe elementy nowej organizacji: zdefiniowane terytorium (okresowo z podziałem na mniejsze jednostki), urząd komisarzy mianowanych spośród opatów przez władze zakonu i wyposażonych w kompetencje wizytatorów, reformatorów i kolektorów, urząd zastępców (subdelegatów) wyznaczanych przez komisarzy, nakładane i rozliczane w systemie terytorialnym kontrybucje zakonne, a także instytucja zjazdów krajowych lub dzielnicowych. System ten był jednak kruchy. Podtrzymywano go gęstą, choć niestety szczątkowo do dziś zachowaną korespondencją. W aneksie znajduje się edycja źródeł.

Opactwo cystersów w Szczyrzycu zostało założone w XIII wieku. Był to najmłodszy i najmniejszy klasztor tego zakonu w Małopolsce. Katalog opatów został opracowany przez prof. Jolantę Marszalską i prof. Waldemara Graczyka, ale wymaga on poprawek. Celem artykułu jest jego korekta, ustalenie ścisłej chronologii i zebranie podstawowych danych biograficznych o opatach w XV wieku. Autor zwraca uwagę na bardziej precyzyjną krytykę szczyrzyckich źródeł historiograficznych i znaczenie pomijanych informacji z Kroniki opactwa w Koprzywnicy. Przede wszystkim postuluje jednak rozszerzenie badań o księgi ziemskie,
grodzkie i kościelne (konsystorskie i biskupie). Jest to ogromny zasób źródłowy, który dotychczas nie został wykorzystany do badania dziejów opactwa. W artykule podjęto próbę stworzenia zbiorowego portretu
opatów: ich pochodzenia społecznego, wykształcenia, kariery zakonnej, powiązań międzyklaszornych filiacji Morimond w Małopolsce, zwłaszcza zaś z opactwem macierzystym w Jędrzejowie. W załączniku znajduje się poprawiony wykaz dziesięciu opatów szczyrzyckich z XV wieku. Są to: Mikołaj Suchorabski (po 1401–1419), Piotr Borek z Trzcińca (1419–1422), Piotr Kulka (Kula?) (przed 1424–1431), Grzegorz II (przed 1433–1435), Mikołaj III (przed 1439–1467), Stanisław I (1467–1478), Jan I (przed 1480–1485), Stanisław II (przed 1489–1490), Maciej (przed 1491–1493), Wawrzyniec (1493–1498, przed 1502).

Among Shakespeare’s history plays, Richard II is the least known and performed in Ireland. For a long time, the overthrow and murder of the anointed king was shown to English audiences with the interesting omission of the deposition scene (also known as the ‘Parliament scene’, IV, 1, 151-318), while in Ireland the play was taken for a long time to be a tragic reminder of the Island’s colonial past. It is possibly for this reason that there has been a significant lack of professional productions of Richard II in Ireland, and equally there has been a significant lack of critical attention to its fate on the Irish stage. In recent years, however, some attempts have been made to re-appropriate a canonical text whose plot lends itself to reflections on history and the past. One such instance is a production of Shakespeare’s play presented in 2013 by the Dublin-based Ouroboros, a theatre company that is no longer in operation. This study looks at the way in which Ouroboros creatively use ...

Lituania y Polonia se unieron dinásticamente en 1386, estableciendo así una de las alianzas con más potencial militar de la Europa oriental del momento y bordeando completamente los territorios de una orden que, además, con la conversión del nuevo monarca, perdía su mera razón de ser, que era combatir el paganismo. El enfrentamiento entre aquellos y la orden era inevitable y, en el año 1410, tomó forma en la batalla de Grunwald, que culminó en un descalabro completo para los freires teutónicos y supuso una verdadera “herida incurable” de la que jamás llegarían a recuperarse

Periodic travel and movement between various summer and winter residences were central practices of the Ilkhanid court, as evidenced by numerous accounts in the chronicles from this era and throughout the reign of all Ilkhanids. During these seasonal journeys, the Ilkhanid ordu resided in various seasonal and midway settlements. While historical documents indicate that many of these residences can be located in regions under Lichened influence, only a few have been thoroughly studied to date. This article presents the preliminary results of an ongoing project aimed at tracing the itineraries of the Ilkhanids in Iran, focusing on the Tabriz-Ujan route and the potential location of Kushk-i Sa'idabad, situated along this route. The primary question this research seeks to answer is: Based on historical and archaeological evidence, where was Kushk-i Sa'idabad situated, and what were its characteristics as a midway settlement during the Ilkhanid period? To address this question, this research analysed historical documents and conducted archaeological surveys in areas thought to be the location of this kushk. The findings reveal two potential sites, one to the north and one to the south, of a village in the eastern suburbs of Tabriz, currently known as Sa'idabad. These findings suggest that the remains of this kushk were likely situated at one of these two identified sites.

The article deals with the history of the study of medieval Kasimov – the capital of the Qasim Khanate (mid XV – late XVII centuries). The stages of archaeological study are highlighted. The results of archaeological studies in 2008–2023 are presented. The continuity of development of medieval settlements from the Kasimov archaeological complex (Zemlyanoy Strug ancient settlement, Dorofeevo Polye settlement of the IX–XIII centuries) to Gorodets Meshchyorsky (XIII – first half of the XV century) and the Khan's capital is traced. The location of Gorodets Meshchyorsky (XIII – first half of XV century) is connected with the area of Stariy Posad, later the capital of Qasim Khanate known also as Khan-Kirman, Kasimov (XIII – first half of XVI century) is located here. Results of research of Afghan Muhammed Sultan are given, as well as on Stary Posad Tatar cemetery were revealed the remains of Arslan Khan’s mausoleum. Some historical areas of the medieval city were localized, the areas of the Staromeshcherskiy Gorodishche and the residence of baskak Musin were identified. The results of studies of the Khan Mosque and Shah Ali Khan’s mausoleum are presented. The analysis of cartographic material and data of field research made it possible to localize the location of the Khan's palace. The beginning of the formation of the cultural layer was established - not earlier than the middle of the XVI century in the area of Tatarskaya Gora and Tatar Sloboda. Archaeologically determined the time of formation of the medieval city historical core and the stages of development of territories. Prospects of further researches are given.